Timeline CA 10,000-CA 400 B.C. Next Africa and the Middle East The Americas East Asia India and Southeast Asia Europe 10,000 B.C. New Stone Age culture, ca 10,000-3500 Migration into Americas begins, ca 11,000 BC       5000 B.C. "Agricultural revolution"originates in Tigris-Euphrates and Nile River Valleys,ca 6000 First writing in Sumeria; Sumerian city-states emerge, ca 3500 Egypt unified under Narmer, 3100-2660 Metalworking in Caucasus, 3000 Maize domesticated in Mexica, ca 5000 Chinchorro peoples in Peru, ca 5000 "Agricultural revolution" originates in Yellow River Valley, ca 4000     2500 B.C. Old Kingdom in Egypt; construction of the pyramids, 2660-2180 Akkadian Empire, 2370-2150 Middle Kingdom in Egypt, 2080-1640 Hyksos "invade" Egypt, 1640-1570 Hammurabi, 1792-1750 Hebrew monotheism, ca 1700 Pottery in Columbia and Ecuador, ca 3000 Metalworking in Peru, ca 2000 Horse domesticated in China, ca 2500 Indus River Valley civilization, ca 2500-1500; capitals at Mohenjodaro and Harappa Greek Bronze Age, 2000-1100 Arrival of Greeks in peninsular Greece 1500 B.C. Hittite Empire, ca 1450-1200 Akhenaten institues worship of Aton, ca 1360 New Kingdom in Egypt; creation of Egyptian Empire, ca 1570-1075 Moses leads Hebrews out of Egypt, ca 1300-1200 Olmec civilization, Mexico, ca 1500 B.C.-A.D. 300 Shang Dynasty, first writing in China, ca 1523-ca 1027 Melanesian settlers reach Fiji, ca 1300 Aryans arrive in India; Early Vedic Age, ca 1500-1000 Vedas, oldest Hindu sacred texts Height of Minoan culture, 1700-1450 Myceneans conquer Minoan Crete, ca 1450 Mycenaean Age, 1450-1200 1000 B.C. Political fragmentation of Egypt; rise of small kingdoms, ca 1100-700 United Hebrew Kingdom, 1020-922: Saul, David, Solomon Ironworking spreads throughout Africa, ca 1000 B.C.-A.D. 300 Divided Hebrew Kingdom: Israel(922-721), Judah(922-586) Assyrian Empire, 745-612 Zoroaster, ca 600 Olmec center at San Lorenzo destroyed, ca 900; power passes to La Venta in Tabasco Chavin civilization in Andes, ca 1000-200 B.C. Zhou Dynasty, promulgation of the Mandate of Heaven, ca 1027-221 Later Vedic Age; solidifications of caste system, ca 1000-500 Upanishads; foundations of Hinduism, 800-600 Trojan War, ca 1180 Fall of the Mycenaean kingdom, 1100 Greek Dark Age, ca 1100-800 Roman Republic founded, 509 Origin of the Greek polis, ca 700 Rise of Sparta and Athens, 800-500 500 B.C. Babylonian captivity of the Hebrews, 586-539 Cyrus the Great founds Persian Empire, 550 Persian conquer Egypt, 525 Darius and Xerxes complete Persian conquest of Middle East, 521-464 Olmec civilization, ca 1500 B.C-A.D. 300; Calendar, writing, and numeric system Fall of La Venta; Tres Zapotes becomes leading Olmec site Confucius, 551-479 First written reference to iron, ca 521 Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha), 563-483 Persian Wars, 499-479 Growth of Athenian Empire; flowering of Greek drama, philosophy, and history, 5th century Peloponnesian War, 431-404 Plato, 426-347 400 B.C.         Spartan and Theban hegemony in Greece, 399-362 B.C. © 1998 Research Foundation of the State University of New York at Binghamton HOMEPAGE URL: http://history.binghamton.edu/hist130/hist130.htm This page last updated: 08/31/2000 Send Comments to: Prof. Donald Quataert